Objective:
To evaluate the association of semaglutide with stroke risk compared to empagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Approach:
- Study Design: Real-world observational study using electronic health record data from over 15,000 patients across 703 clinical sites in the U.S. between 2019 and 2024.
- Primary Analysis: Compared semaglutide with empagliflozin, with 7,899 patients in each group, matched by propensity score.
- Secondary Analysis: Compared dulaglutide with empagliflozin, with 6,093 patients in each group.
Key Findings:
- Cumulative incidence of composite outcome (mortality, MI, stroke) was 5.9% for semaglutide and 6.9% for empagliflozin.
- Hazard ratio for composite outcome was 0.89 (95% CI = 0.78–1.02), indicating a modest but not statistically significant lower risk with semaglutide.
- Stroke incidence was lower with semaglutide (HR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.43–0.89).
- For MI, the HR was 0.85 (95% CI = 0.68–1.05), and for all-cause mortality, 0.97 (95% CI = 0.81–1.15).
- Secondary outcomes showed greater weight loss and better glycemic control with semaglutide.
Interpretation:
Limitations:
- Observational design limits causal inferences.
- Lack of cause-specific mortality data.
- Reliance on prescription records rather than confirmed medication use.
Conclusion:
The study reports findings on stroke risk associated with semaglutide compared to empagliflozin among certain patient subgroups.
Sources:
This content is an AI-generated, fully rewritten summary based on a published scholarly article. It does not reproduce the original text and is not a substitute for the original publication. Readers are encouraged to consult the source for full context, data, and methodology.
