Clinical Report: Cardiometabolic disorders vary by HIV status
Overview
A cross-sectional study of 660 young adults in Nigeria revealed that those with perinatally acquired HIV had lower adjusted odds of prehypertension and elevated blood glucose but higher odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to participants without HIV.
Background
Understanding cardiometabolic disorders in individuals with HIV is crucial as they face increased risks of non-communicable diseases, particularly as antiretroviral therapy improves longevity. This study focuses on young adults with perinatally acquired HIV, a population that may experience unique health challenges due to lifelong HIV exposure and treatment.
Data Highlights
| Condition | Prevalence |
|---|---|
| Hypertension | 5% |
| Prehypertension | 28% |
| Diabetes | 12% |
| Prediabetes | 22% |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 10% |
| Low HDL Cholesterol | 65% |
| Elevated Blood Glucose | 24% |
| Abdominal Obesity | 16% |
| Elevated Blood Pressure | 14% |
Key Findings
- Participants with perinatally acquired HIV had lower odds of prehypertension and elevated blood glucose.
- Higher odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed in participants with both perinatally and nonperinatally acquired HIV.
- Participants exposed to HIV perinatally but without HIV had lower odds of metabolic syndrome and elevated blood glucose compared to the reference group.
- Across the cohort, male participants had higher odds of prehypertension and hypertension.
- Overweight participants had higher odds of prehypertension.
Clinical Implications
The findings suggest that healthcare providers should monitor cardiometabolic health closely in young adults with HIV, particularly those with perinatally acquired HIV. Tailored interventions may be necessary to address the unique metabolic profiles observed in this population.
Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of understanding the cardiometabolic risks associated with different HIV exposure statuses in young adults, which can guide clinical management and preventive strategies.
Related Resources & Content
- Aliyu AT, et al., AIDS, 2023 -- Cardiometabolic disorders vary by HIV status
- Aliyu AT, et al., Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults With HIV Acquired at Birth
- Aliyu AT, et al., The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Proteomic Signature of Myocardial Fibrosis and Incident Heart Failure
- 2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia
- Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection, New England Journal of Medicine, 2023
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases — The Role of Adipose Tissue Gene Expression and Plasma Lipid Profiles in Cardiometabolic Disorders Among Individuals Living with HIV
- High blood pressure and associated metabolic disorders among young adults with and without perinatal HIV
- 2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines
- Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection | New England Journal of Medicine
- High blood pressure and associated metabolic disorders among young adults with and without perinatal HIV - PubMed
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